Impact Fees

White Smith Cousino's principals have more than 100 impact fee projects over the last thirty years.  Our work includes:

• Implementation Ordinances
• Fee Calculations
• Compliance Review
• Administrative Forms and Training

We have helped our clients fund and plan infrastructure that includes roads, schools, parks, libraries, law enforcement, trails and fire/rescue facilities.

In addition, we are working with clients on several emerging areas of the impact fee practice, including green infrastructure.

Today, communities around the country meet their transportation needs with a more diverse system of infrastructure, which now includes transit, bike, and pedestrian facilities. Where authorized, these categories of infrastructure also can be funded with impact fees.

We have developed mobility fee programs in several locations in Florida, including Pasco County, Hillsborough County, and Manatee County, in recent years.

"Green infrastructure" also is burdened by growth.  Environmental areas previously enjoyed by existing residents may be converted to developed lands or, where preserved for recreation and environmental benefit, become taxed by the increased demands created by additional growth.

In partnership with Dr. James Nicholas, we have in recent years counseled Monroe County, Florida and St. Lucie County, Florida in the area of "environmental mitigation fees" to offset new growth's demands on environmental lands in those areas.

Arizona

Avondale, Flagstaff, Goodyear, Queen Creek, Maricopa County, Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, and Yuma

California

Oceanside, Riverside, and San Diego

Colorado

Douglas County, Larimer County

Delaware

New Castle County

Florida

Apopka, Aventura, Citrus County, Brevard County, Casselberry, Coconut Creek, Collier County, Coral Springs, Deltona, Escambia County, Flagler County, Ft. Pierce, Hernando County, Hillsborough County, Indian River County, Inverness, Kissimmee, Lakeland, Marion County, Manatee County, Monroe County, North Port, Orange County, Orlando, Osceola County, Oviedo, Palm Beach County, Palm Coast, Panama City, Pasco County, Sarasota, Sarasota County, St. Johns County, St. Lucie County, and Tavares

Georgia

Athens-Clarke County and Garden City

Maryland

Frederick, Anne Arundel, and Queen Anne’s County

Mississippi

Ocean Springs

Missouri

Nixa and West Peculiar Fire District

Montana

Missoula, Missoula County, Bozeman, and Helena

Nevada

Mesquite, Henderson, Nye County, Washoe County Regional Transporation Commission

New Mexico

Albuquerque

North Carolina

Wake Forest

Ohio

Delaware, Fairfield, Pickerington, and Sunbury

Pennsylvania

Manheim Township and Cranberry Township

South Carolina

Aiken County, Anderson County, Beaufort County, Dorchester County/Schools, Georgetown County, Hilton Head Island, Horry County, and York County

Utah

Summit County, Park City (Housing In-Lieu Fees)

Virginia

Stafford County, Spotsylvania County